Earthquakes and earth's interior worksheet pdf

Some parts of the san andreas fault show a slow, gradual movement known as fault creep. Labwrite for middle school earthquake background 8 th grade scos objective 3. The focus is the point on the fault surface where motion begins. These layers vary greatly in size, composition, temperature, and pressure. The earths internal energy produces brusque movements in the crust. The mantle is the mostlysolid bulk of earths interior. Over 14,000 residents of the region were killed as poorly constructed. Fundamentasl earth science concepts including earth s interior, faults, earthquakes, volcanoes, and associated terminology. At 6,000 km, the layer is the inner core, which is solid iron and nickel.

Seismic waves after they are produced at the focus, seismic. Their fascination may contain an element of fear, like the fear that arises in teaching fire safety. Extend pairs of students could quiz each other, using such depths as 5 km, 30 km, 1,000 km, and 5,000 km. Learn about earthquake activity, the locations of faults, and earthquake hazards in the san francisco bay area. Identify the changes in temperature and pressure that occur as depth increases in the geosph ere. Earthquakes and the earths interior tulane university. Figure 1 arrival times of p and s seismic phases as a function of epicentral distance in the earth for shallow earthquake sources, along with predicted travel time. More information than is available from seismic velocities is needed to estimate the earths. Earthquakes are the sudden shaking and vibrating of the earths crust as a result of a rapid release of energy when rocks break and move along faults. The most widely felt earthquakes in the recorded history of north america were a series that occurred in 18111812 near new madrid, missouri. Beneath the surface, the temperature decreases for about 20 meters, then. The seismic waves measured in mantle studies are called body waves. Folded rocks have been subjected to a plastic strain. Basic overview of how they are used to determine the structure and properties of the layers of the earth.

There are two kinds of body waves, and two kinds of surface waves. Earthquakes teacher notes and student activities ga. Explain the elastic rebound theory, which provides an explanation for the origin of earthquakes. Earths interior is composed of homogeneous material through some portions, part v viscosity and resistance to flow current plate tectonics theory suggests that the outer shell of earth consists o 4. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Surface waves can only travel very near the surface of the earth. Choose from 390 different sets of earthquakes earths interior chapter 8 guide flashcards on quizlet. Worksheet s in earthquakes, volcanoes and plate tectonics for use within the science classroom. Description of the properties of p primary and s secondary waves. Before the nineteenth century, however, scientists used other types of instruments to study earthquakes.

Solid, metallic layer beneath the outer core the outermost part of the mantle is completely solid and is called the rigid. Earthquakes create seismic waves that travel through the earth. The earths interior a look at the layers of the inner earth. At 4,000 km, the layer is the outer core, which is molten iron and nickel. By analyzing these seismic waves, seismologists can explore the earth s deep interior. Vocabulary earthquake focus epicenter fault elastic rebound hypothesis aftershock foreshock each year, more than 30,000 earthquakes occur worldwide that are strong enough to be felt. Develop understanding of the structure of the earths interior and ultimately, relationships to plate tectonics, occurrence of earthquakes. Many earthquakes happen at the borders of tectonic plates. While many countries have borders along faults and mountain ranges, earthquakes dont care about political boundaries. Start studying chapter 8 earthquakes and earth s interior. In full colour with studentfriendly design layout, they aim to help make learning about earthquakes fun and interesting. Earthquakes use the information below and your chapter 11 in your textbook p.

Plate tectonics earths interior worksheet whorkseet. Lessons plans science lesson plans earths interior and plate tectonics theory lesson plan. Earthquakes and volcanoes 9 name date class wave detecting today, scientists use seismographs to observe and record seismic waves. Plates, earthquakes and volcanoes maite cozar activity 5 fill the mindmap with the words below. Small earthquakes called foreshocks often come before a major earthquake. Temperature pressure increases decreases increases decreases summarize how scientists use earthquake wave data to learn about earths interior. Using data from seismic waves produced by earthquakes, geologists have learned that earths interior is made up of several layers. Geochemical cycles may reach from the stratosphere down to the depths of the earths mantle. This release of energy causes intense ground shaking in the area near the source of the earthquake and sends waves of elastic energy, called seismic waves, throughout the earth. Developed for the shakeout by the southern california earthquake center. Evidence on the structure and composition of the earths interior comes from 1 observations of surface rocks, 2 geophysical data from earthquakes, flow of. Teacher planet offers lesson plans on epicenters, real time data projects and how scientists predict earthquakes. The activity uses the us geological surveys color poster san francisco bay area earthquakes or the page size. Earths interior and plate tectonics theory lesson plan.

These layers of the earth interact in ways that affect life on the earth. Earthquakes are caused by shifts in the outer layers of eartha region called the lithosphere. Plate tectonics earthquakes and volcanoes worksheet. There is a large amount of geologic activity and movement along the borders of these plates. Robertson abstract evidence on the structure and composition of the earth s interior comes from 1 observations of surface rocks, 2 geophysical data from earthquakes, flow of heat from the interior, the magnetic field, and gravity, 3 laboratory ex.

Use your map to answer the questions on the back of the worksheet. This worksheet has 27 earth science regents questions about earth s interior. Earths interior and plate tectonics worksheet whorkseet. Elastic strain happens when an object is deformed, and then when the stress. The three main layers of earth are the crust, the mantle, and the core. This fact sheet uses data from the 1994 magnitude 6. Earthquake the study of seismic waves provides a complete picture of the layered interior. These foreshocks can happen days or even years before the major quake. A fault is a fracture or crack in the rocks where one side has moved relative to the other figure 1. Studying the earths interior can help us to understand earthquakes, volcanoes, plate tectonics and more about the inner earths natural processes.

Earthquakes from the link above, color in each state with the appropriate color from your key in order to represent how many earthquakes of magnitude 3. It is caused due to release of energy, which generates waves that travel in all directions. Students will gain a better understanding of the composition of the earths interior. Chapter 8 earthquakes and earths interior section 1 what is an earthquake. Explain the difference between a seismograph and a 5the velocity of s waves decreases as these waves leave the lithosphere and enter the asthenosphere. The deadly izmit earthquake struck northwest turkey on august 17, 1999, at 3 a. Free earthquake worksheets for use when learning all about. The earth, the crust, the mantle, the core, continental crust, oceanic crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, inner core, outer core, lithosphere 865 km thick 2900 km thick 3480 km thick 5500. Earths interior is heterogeneous but changes gradually with depth.

Detail two met hods that scientists use to study earths interior. Within earth, we know these layers as the iron core, the rocky mantle and crust, the liquid ocean, and the. Earthquakes occur when energy stored in elastically strained rocks is suddenly released. We have sensors that can take pictures of the layers. Tell the class that earthquakes can occur without volcanoes, but volcanoes are always accompanied by earthquakes. Earthquake safety activities for children and teachers fema 527 august 2005 fema. Instead, they indicated the magnitude or direction of an. Students find the topic of earthquakes fascinating. That activity builds stress and creates earthquakes. The earths interior earth and planetary science university of. Chapter 8earthquakes and earths interior flashcards. The epicenter is the point on earth s surface directly above the focus. When an earthquake occurs the seismic waves p and s waves spread out in all directions through the earths interior.

Plastic strain occurs when stress is applied to an object, and it becomes deformed. They also offer hands on activities to help those tactile learners in your classroom. Seismology and earths interior body waves can travel deep. Worksheets, printables and additional teaching resources help round out your unit on earthquakes and other natural disasters. The initial rupture point, where abrupt movement creates an earthquake, typically lies below the surface at a point called the focus the initial rupture point of an earthquake. Locations of earthquake epicenters on earth map here are a few nice usgs maps that might be useful. Use this quiz to study for the earth s interior quiz. The mantle lies between earths dense, superheated core and its thin outer layer.

Earthquakes are definitely a geologic hazard for those living in earthquake prone areas, but the seismic waves generated by earthquakes are. A great earthquake, whose magnitude is estimated to be about 8 on the richter scale, occurred on the morning of december 16, 1811. On their worksheet, have the students trace the words. Describe the characteristics of seismic waves and explain the difference between primary waves, secondary waves, and surface waves. The earths interior the earths interior is made up of four layers see diagram below. Earth s interior worksheet pearson education answers. I copied the maps onto transparencies and created a lab where.